How to work turbo 3D video.
Variable geometry turbo.
Increasing the power of the four-stroke internal combustion can be achieved in several ways: -By increasing the working volume; -Increasing the speed; -Through turbocharging. In the first two ways during the suction stroke air goes directly into the cylinders under the influence of the difference in air pressure and vacuum that is created by the movement of the piston at bottom dead center. When intake air compressors is already compressed before entering the tsilindrite.The engine same volume of air sucked, but thanks to its high combustion chamber pressure comes more air masa.Tova means you can burn more fuel , which explains the increase in power at the same engine speed and displacement. Apply two methods to compress the air: a mechanical supercharger and turbocharger through driven by exhaust gases. In the mechanical supercharged air needed for combustion is compressed by a compressor driven directly from dvigatelya.Chast the increased power is devoted to the first drive the compressor and reaches about 15% of that of the engine. In most of the turbocharger exhaust gas energy that is usually lost, used to drive turbinata.Turbinnoto wheel is a common shaft with the compressor and thus drives the compressor, which compresses the air entering the engine. Turbocharger turbine includes a turbine wheel and housing converts the energy of the exhaust gas into mechanical energy engine driving the compressor.
2. In the spiral casing (also called "snail") exhaust gas pressure is converted into kinetic energy and gases are directed to the periphery of the turbine wheel, which creates torque. Compressors used in turbo, centrifugal and mainly consist of three main elements: compressor wheel, diffuser and korpus.Vsledstvie rotation of air enters axially significantly increased speed and comes in a radial acceleration slows napravlenie.Difuzorat air almost without losses so that the pressure and temperature increase.
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1 compressor housing
2 compressor wheel
3 thrust bearing
4 tailgate Compressor
5 turbine housing a valve hanging
6-node shared-turbine
7-bearing bush
8 central body / water cooled /
Thickening the air increases its temperature, which can reach 180 ° C.Kogato this air cool in a special cooler, density, and hence the engine power can be increased dopalnitelno.Nay prevalent intercoolers are like "air / Air "/ intercooler /. Modern cars have VRTS injection system voda.Kogato temperature of air entering the engine exceeds a certain value (napr.60 ° C), after cooling of compressed air is injected voda.Spetsialnite pumps and nozzles spray water in the form of magla.Efekta is greater when using a mixture of water and spirt.Upravlenieto is motora.Dobavyaneto electronic block of water significantly reduces the thermal load on the engine and allow to increase its power. Note: From 2006 FIA did not allow the use of such systems. There is another way of additional cooling water from several vents in front air coolant under certain conditions voda.Tova injected is less efficient, but much is simply an additional ohlazhdane.Prilaga and serial cars Mitsubishi / Evo / Subaru and / VRH /.
In recent years, work hard to improve the regulation of turbochargers to achieve better performance of the motors in all operating modes t.e.da become elastichni.Ima several ways of doing this: By-passing of gas to the turbine; Variable-geometry turbine; -A combination of both.
5 That scheme Mitsubishi Evo VIII: Modern turbochargers are very advanced in material, design, technology, compared with those of 70 godini.Togava major problem is the delayed response dvigatelya.Sportnite cars were low geometric compression ratio (0.5-napr.6 as to can light) with large turbochargers, which have great flow and pressure, but the downside slowly, belatedly lack the engine parametri.Zatova example, Lanqing Delta S4 with two turbochargers and mechanical works турбокомпресор.Механичният low and medium revs and turns off once they are created optimal conditions for the turbocharger.
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7 Modern rally cars have restriktor/gr.A-Ø34mm., Gr.N-Ø32mm/na entrance kompresora.Tova imposed by the FIA to limit maximum moshtnost.Zatova work on engines focus on improving torque at low revs and in a wide speed range. To reduce the effect of turbo Toyota introduced a so-called "anti-lag" system for partially or fully closed throttle keeps turbocharger speed and he is ready to achieve effective rabota.This fed more fuel and ignition Its an open wastegate ie turbinata.This to raise the gas temperature from 800 to 1100 º C and extra strain турбокомпресора.Температурата exhaust gas is controlled and in excess of certain limits electronic control unit motor off "anti-lag" system. The maximum operating speed of turbokopresorite vary among species and structures, but range from 120-150-180 000 rev / min. The weight of the turbine and compressor wheel should be minimal to a small turbocharger inertnost. But, bearings and titanium wheels are no longer rare. 8 This is characteristic of the compressor pressure control, which shows the dependence of the air flow rate and pressure him, having invested compressor wheel speed and efficiency the compressor. 9 The turbine, which shows the dependence of the pressure drop of the exhaust before and after the turbine on the amount of gas that passes through it, having spent the speed of the turbine wheel and efficiency the turbine. Although motor, turbine and compressor are separate, complex enough units it is important to synchronize their work because performance of each depends also affects the operation and performance of others.
